解:?$(1) $?原式?$= 5a^2-(3a-2a+3 + 4a^2)= 5a^2-(a +3+ 4a^2)$?
?$= 5a^2-a-3-4a^2=a^2-a- 3$?
當(dāng)?$a=-2$?時,原式?$= (-2)^2-(-2)-3= 4+2-3= 3$?
?$(2)$?∵?$a^2-b^2=a^2-ab+ab-b^2= (a^2-ab)+(ab-b^2)$?
∴把?$a^2-ab= 8,$??$ab-b^2=-4$?代入,
得?$a^2-b^2= (a^2-ab)+(ab-b^2)=8+(-4)=4$?
∵?$a^2- 2ab+b^2=a^2-ab-ab+b^2= (a^2-ab)-(ab-b^2)$?
∴把?$a^2-ab= 8,$??$ab-b^2=-4$?代入,
得?$a^2-2ab+b^2 = (a^2-ab)- (ab-b^2)=8-(-4) - 8+4= 12$?