(1)奶奶所做的功:$W = Fs = 240\,\text{N} \times 6\,\text{m} = 1440\,\text{J}$
(2)爺爺?shù)闹亓Γ?G_{\text{人}} = m_{\text{人}}g = 60\,\text{kg} \times 10\,\text{N/kg} = 600\,\text{N}$
由圖可知,承擔(dān)物重的繩子段數(shù)$n = 3,$不計繩重和摩擦,由$F = \frac{G_{\text{人}} + G_{\text{動}}}{n}$可得動滑輪(含座椅)的重力:$G_{\text{動}} = nF - G_{\text{人}} = 3 \times 240\,\text{N} - 600\,\text{N} = 120\,\text{N}$
動滑輪(含座椅)的質(zhì)量:$m_{\text{動}} = \frac{G_{\text{動}}}{g} = \frac{120\,\text{N}}{10\,\text{N/kg}} = 12\,\text{kg}$
(3)爺爺上升的高度:$h = \frac{s}{n} = \frac{6\,\text{m}}{3} = 2\,\text{m}$
有用功:$W_{\text{有用}} = G_{\text{人}}h = 600\,\text{N} \times 2\,\text{m} = 1200\,\text{J}$
總功:$W_{\text{總}} = 1440\,\text{J}$
機械效率:$\eta = \frac{W_{\text{有用}}}{W_{\text{總}}} \times 100\% = \frac{1200\,\text{J}}{1440\,\text{J}} \times 100\% \approx 83.3\%$