解:?$(1)$?∵?$∠1=∠2,$??$∠G=∠I=90°$?
∴?$△FGH∽△JIH$?
∴?$\frac {FH}{JH}=\frac {FG}{JI}=\frac {HG}{HI}$?
即?$\frac 5y=\frac 36=\frac x 8,$?解得?$x=4,$??$y=10$?
?$(2)$?∵?$∠KHF=∠GHI=90°$?
∴?$∠GHF+∠GHK=∠JHK+∠GHK=90°$?
∴?$∠GHF=∠JHK$?
?$\frac {GH}{KH}=\frac {48}{32}=\frac 32,$??$\frac {FH}{JH}=\frac {72}{48}=\frac 32$?
∴?$\frac {GH}{KH}=\frac {FH}{JH}$?
∴?$△GHF∽△KHJ$?
∴?$∠K=∠G=124°,$?即?$x=124$?
?$\frac {GH}{KH}=\frac {GF}{KJ},$?即?$\frac y{22}=\frac 32,$?解得?$y=33$?