4. 計(jì)算:
(1)3+(-10)+7+(-12)+9;
(2)$4.4+\left(-\dfrac{1}{3}\right)+(-7)+\left(-3\dfrac{2}{3}\right)+(-2.4)$.
答案:(1)-3;(2)-9.
解析:
(1) $3 + (-10) + 7 + (-12) + 9$
$=(3 + 7 + 9) + [(-10) + (-12)]$
$=19 + (-22)$
$=-3$
(2) $4.4 + \left(-\dfrac{1}{3}\right) + (-7) + \left(-3\dfrac{2}{3}\right) + (-2.4)$
$=(4.4 - 2.4) + (-7) + \left(-\dfrac{1}{3} - 3\dfrac{2}{3}\right)$
$=2 - 7 + (-4)$
$=-5 - 4$
$=-9$
1. 計(jì)算$2 - 3$的結(jié)果是(
A
).
A.$-1$
B.$-3$
C.$1$
D.$3$
答案:A
2. 下列說法正確的是(
C
).
A.兩個(gè)數(shù)之差一定小于被減數(shù)
B.減去一個(gè)正數(shù),差一定大于被減數(shù)
C.減去一個(gè)正數(shù),差一定小于被減數(shù)
D.$0$減任何數(shù)的差都是負(fù)數(shù)
答案:C
3. 甲、乙兩人用簡便方法進(jìn)行計(jì)算的過程如下所示,下列判斷正確的是(
C
).
甲:$\left(-\dfrac{7}{8}\right)-\left(+\dfrac{1}{5}\right)+\left(-\dfrac{1}{8}\right)= \left[\left(-\dfrac{7}{8}\right)+\left(-\dfrac{1}{8}\right)\right]+\left(-\dfrac{1}{5}\right)= -\dfrac{6}{5}$.
乙:$11+(-14)+19-(-6)= 11+19+[(-14)+(-6)]= 10$.
A.甲、乙都正確
B.甲、乙都不正確
C.只有甲正確
D.只有乙正確
答案:C
解析:
甲:$\left(-\dfrac{7}{8}\right)-\left(+\dfrac{1}{5}\right)+\left(-\dfrac{1}{8}\right)=\left[\left(-\dfrac{7}{8}\right)+\left(-\dfrac{1}{8}\right)\right]+\left(-\dfrac{1}{5}\right)=-1+\left(-\dfrac{1}{5}\right)=-\dfrac{6}{5}$,計(jì)算正確。
乙:$11+(-14)+19-(-6)=11+19+[(-14)+6]=30+(-8)=22\neq10$,計(jì)算錯(cuò)誤。
結(jié)論:只有甲正確。
C