解:?$(1)$?將點(diǎn)?$A(-2,$??$3)$?代入?$y=ax^2$?可得?$3=a×(-2)^2,$?解得?$a=\frac 34$?
∴?$y=\frac 34x^2$?
當(dāng)?$x=2$?時(shí),?$y=\frac 34×2^2=3,$?則函數(shù)圖像經(jīng)過點(diǎn)?$A'(2,$??$3)$?
當(dāng)?$x=-1$?時(shí),?$y=\frac 34×(-1)^2=\frac 34,$?則函數(shù)圖像不經(jīng)過點(diǎn)?$B(-1,$??$-2)$?
?$(2)$?由對(duì)稱性可得,當(dāng)?$x=2$?或?$-2$?時(shí),?$y=3$?
觀察該圖像可得,當(dāng)?$x_c< -2$?或?$x_c> 2$?時(shí),?$y_c> 3;$?
當(dāng)?$-2< x_c< 2$?時(shí),?$y_c< 3 $?